The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) is a constitutional body. The UPSC has been established under Article 315 of the Constitution of India for conducting recruitment to various posts and services under the union government. UPSC traces its origin to the first Public Services Commission established in 1926 and the Federal Public Services Commission established in 1935. UPSC is not an exam but it is a constitutional body which is authorized to conduct various exams in India.

List of Examinations conducted by Union Public Service Commission (UPSC)

• Civil Services Examination (CSE)
• Indian Forest ServiceExamination (IFoS)
• Engineering Services Examination (ESE)
• Central Armed Police Forces Examination (CAPF)
• Combined Defence Services Examination (CDS)
• Combined Geo-Scientist and Geologist Examination.
• Combined Medical Services Examination
• Indian Economic Service and Indian Statistical Service (IES/ISS)
• National Defence Academy Examination (NDA)
• Naval Academy Examination
• Special Class Railway Apprentice Exam (SCRA)

UPSC Administration and control

In this Commission consists of a chairman and 10 members. Terms and conditions of service of the chairman and members of Commission are governed/represented by the Union Public Service Commission (Members) Regulations, 1969.The President of India appoints the Chairman and other members of the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC). At least/minimum half (1/2) of the members of this Commission are Civil Servant (working or retired) with minimum 10 years of experience either in Central or State service.

The UPSC Commission is examined by a Secretariat which is headed by a Secretary and 2 Additional Secretaries, a number of Joint Secretaries, Deputy Secretaries and other supporting staff.Every member holds office for a term of 6 years or until he achieves the age of 65 years, whichever is prior.

The members can submit his resignation at any time to the President of India.Any member of the commission would be removed from his office by the President of India on the ground of misbehaviour if and only if an inquiry of such misbehaviour is made and upheld by Supreme Court or if any member is charged with bankrupt or engaged in any paid employment outside the duties of his office, or in the opinion of the President unfit to continue in office by reason of illness of mind or body. The UPSC is amongst some institutions which work with both autonomy and freedom along with the India’s higher judiciary and the Election Commission.

UPSC Recruitment rules

In accordance with the provision mentioned in Article 320 of the Constitution of India, the provisions/arrangements of Union Public Service Commission (Exemption from Consultation) Regulations 1958, Recruitment Rules of all Group ‘A’ and Group ‘B’ posts in different Ministries/Departments of Government of India are important to be framed in Consultation with the Commission. Different examinations are conducted by UPSC consistently on an all India basis and this includes Civil Services, Engineering, Medical and Forest Service, and so on.

Functions of UPSC

Main functions of the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) under Article Section 320 of the Constitution of India are:

• Conduct different examinations for the appointment to the services of the Union.
• Direct Recruitment by selection through interviews.
• Recruit Department officers on promotion, deputation and through absorption.
• Framing and amendment the Recruitment Rules for different services and posts under the Government.
• Disciplinary cases relating to different Civil Services. and
• The miscellaneous matter which is related to the UPSC, they can directly Advice the Government by the President of Indian.

UPSC Reports

The Commission have a duty, under Article 323 of the Constitution to present a report of its work to the President of India. Further, it is sent to each house of Parliament (Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha) for discussion. The commission submits a yearly report on the work which done by it to the president. The President of India puts the report of this commission before the parliament along with a memorandum with regard to the cases where the advice of the commission was not accepted and the reasons for such disapproval.